Animation Wikipedia. The bouncing ball animation below consists of these six frames. This animation moves at 1. Animation is the process of making the illusion of motion and the illusion of changeNote 1 by means of the rapid succession of sequential images that minimally differ from each other. The illusionas in motion pictures in generalis thought to rely on the phi phenomenon and beta movement, but the exact causes are still unclear. There are some forms of animation that do not feature a rapid succession of sequential images, but these are usually not considered true or full animation. Definition and usage. Anime is an art form, specifically animation, that includes all genres found in cinema, but it can be mistakenly classified as a genre. In. The Hollywood Reporter is your source for breaking news about Hollywood and entertainment, including movies, TV, reviews and industry blogs. For instance, the physical movement of image parts through simple mechanics in magic lantern slides and the movement of the projector the magic lantern in phantasmagoria provided popular moving picture shows. Animators are artists who specialize in the creation of animation. Animation can be recorded with either analogue media, a flip book, motion picture film, video tape, digital media, including formats with animated GIF, Flash animation, and digital video. To display animation, a digital camera, computer, or projector are used along with new technologies that are produced. Animation methods include traditional animation, and methods that use stop motion animation of two and three dimensional objects, paper cutouts, puppets, and clay figures. Images display in a rapid succession, usually 2. Computer animation processes generating animated images with the general term computer generated imagery CGI. D animation uses computer graphics, while 2. Full List of Inventory 12717. You can search for a specific title by using your computer or other devices search function. If you want a specific list such as. D animation is used for stylistic, low bandwidth and faster real time renderings. HistoryeditEarly examples of attempts to capture the phenomenon of motion into a still drawing can be found in paleolithiccave paintings, where animals are often depicted with multiple legs in superimposed positions, clearly attempting to convey the perception of motion. A 5,2. 00 year old pottery bowl discovered in Shahr e Sukhteh, Iran has five sequential images painted around it that seem to show phases of a Persian Desert Ibex leaping up to nip at a tree. Ancient Chinese records contain several mentions of devices that were said to give an impression of movement to human or animal figures, these accounts are unclear and may only refer to the actual movement of the figures through space. They may, of course, refer to Chinese shadow puppets. In the 1. 9th century, the phenakistoscope 1. A thaumatrope 1. The phenakistoscope was invented simultaneously by Belgian Joseph Plateau and Austrian Simon von Stampfer in 1. The phenakistoscope consists of a disk with a series of images, drawn on radi evenly space around the center of the disk. John Barnes Linnett patented the first flip book in 1. The common flip book were early animation devices that produced an illusion of movement from a series of sequential drawings, animation did not develop further until the advent of motion picture film and cinematography in the 1. The cinmatographe was a projector, printer, and camera in one machine that successfully showed moving pictures on a screen. It was invented by two of historys earliest filmmakers, Auguste and Louis Lumire, in 1. The first animated projection screening was created in France, by Charles mile Reynaud, who was a French science teacher. Reynaud created the Praxinoscope in 1. Film Noir Cartoons How To Train Your Dragon ' title='Film Noir Cartoons How To Train Your Dragon ' />Thtre Optique in December 1. On 2. 8 October 1. Pauvre Pierrot, at the Muse Grvin in Paris. This film is also notable as the first known instance of film perforations being used. His films were not photographed, they were drawn directly onto the transparent strip. In 1. 90. 0, more than 5. A projecting praxinoscope, 1. The first known film recorded on standard picture film that included animated sequences was the 1. Enchanted Drawing, which was followed by the first entirely animated filmthe 1. Tonight is the twopart finale of Twin Peaks The Return, the beginning of the end of a promise that began with the words of Laura Palmer over two decades ago I. All the latest news, reviews, pictures and video on culture, the arts and entertainment. Humorous Phases of Funny Faces by J. Stuart Blackton, who, because of that, is considered the father of American animation. In Europe, the French artist, mile Cohl, created the first animated film using what became known as traditional animation creation methods the 1. Fantasmagorie. The film largely consisted of a stick figure moving about and encountering all manner of morphing objects, a wine bottle that transforms into a flower. There were also sections of live action in which the animators hands would enter the scene. The film was created by drawing each frame on paper and then shooting each frame onto negative film, which gave the picture a blackboard look. The author of the first puppet animated film The Beautiful Lukanida 1. Russian born ethnically Polish director Wladyslaw Starewicz, known as Ladislas Starevich. More detailed hand drawn animation, requiring a team of animators drawing each frame manually with detailed backgrounds and characters, were those directed by Winsor Mc. Cay, a successful newspaper cartoonist, including the 1. Little Nemo, the 1. Gertie the Dinosaur, and the 1. The Full Air: The Motion Picture Cartoon. The Sinking of the Lusitania. Gertie the Dinosaur was an early example of the character development in drawn animation. During the 1. 91. The most successful producer at the time was John Randolph Bray, who, along with animator Earl Hurd, patented the cel animation process that dominated the animation industry for the rest of the decade. Italian Argentine cartoonist Quirino Cristiani showing the cut and articulated figure of his satirical character El Peludo based on President Yrigoyen patented in 1. El Apstol. El Apstol Spanish The Apostle was a 1. Argentine animated film utilizing cutout animation, and the worlds first animated feature film. Unfortunately, a fire that destroyed producer Federico Valles film studio incinerated the only known copy of El Apstol, and it is now considered a lost film. In 1. 95. 8, Hanna Barbera released The Huckleberry Hound Show, the first half hour television program to feature only in animation. Terrytoons released Tom Terrific that same year. Television significantly decreased public attention to the animated shorts being shown in theaters. Computer animation has become popular since Toy Story 1. In 2. 00. 8, the animation market was worth US6. Animation as an art and industry continues to thrive as of the mid 2. Animated feature length films returned the highest gross margins around 5. TechniqueseditTraditional animationeditTraditional animation also called cel animation or hand drawn animation was the process used for most animated films of the 2. The individual frames of a traditionally animated film are photographs of drawings, first drawn on paper. To create the illusion of movement, each drawing differs slightly from the one before it. The animators drawings are traced or photocopied onto transparent acetate sheets called cels, which are filled in with paints in assigned colors or tones on the side opposite the line drawings. The completed character cels are photographed one by one against a painted background by a rostrum camera onto motion picture film. The traditional cel animation process became obsolete by the beginning of the 2. Today, animators drawings and the backgrounds are either scanned into or drawn directly into a computer system. Various software programs are used to color the drawings and simulate camera movement and effects. The final animated piece is output to one of several delivery media, including traditional 3. The look of traditional cel animation is still preserved, and the character animators work has remained essentially the same over the past 7. Some animation producers have used the term tradigital a play on the words traditional and digital to describe cel animation that uses significant computer technology. Examples of traditionally animated feature films include Pinocchio United States, 1. Animal Farm United Kingdom, 1. The Illusionist British French, 2. Traditionally animated films produced with the aid of computer technology include The Lion King US, 1. The Prince of Egypt US, 1. The Game of Thrones Finale Wasnt Perfect, But It Made the Season a Hell of a Lot Better. After six episodes that have been incredible, infuriating, revealing, confusing, and epic, last nights Game of Thrones finale had a great many things to answer for. They were the answers needed to help recalibrate the shows uneven seventh season so it ended up greater than the sum of its inconsistent partseven if that doesnt equal the shows best seasons. The Wolf and the Dragon had its own problems to be sureone in particular made me want to actually scream in irritationthe main one of which was its surprising lack of surprises. If youve been paying a decent amount of attention, you didnt have to hunt out hacker leaks to form a pretty good idea of what was going to go down in the season finale, but for me, that somehow didnt make it any less satisfying. If youre a book reader, you know how the show, having advanced beyond George R. R. Martins novels, has been partially satiating our hunger by sporadically giving us the scenes weve guessed and hoped were coming. The finale was packed with these scenes, like a Thanksgiving dinneryou know what the meal is going to consist of, but its still a feast. It began with a meetingThe Meeting, reallywhere most all the shows principal characters came together in the Dragonpit of Kings Landing for Jon Snows almost certainly unfeasible attempt to convince Cersei Lannister to help fight the White Walkers and their army of wights. There were three daises set up on the floor of the shattered arena where the Targaryens once imprisoned their dragons. The people sitting in them are as follows Cersei, Jaime, Qyburn, Euron Greyjoy, and the Mountain Jon Snow, Davos, and Brienne Daenerys, Tyrion, Jorah, Missandei, Varys, and Theon. And, after several tense moments and several even more tense conversations, there is one person in the center of the all The Hound, who carries a giant chest by himself. When he opens it, nothing happensno movement, so sound. And when he kicks the chest over, the wight inside bursts out growling, and runs right for Cersei. In terms of showing the woman who currently sits on the Iron Throne of the threat that lies beyond the Wall, it honestly couldnt have worked out any better if they planned it and it almost makes you wonder if they did. Sandor Clegane yanks the wights chain back at the last second, so Cersei gets the most horrifying look possible. When the wights attention is focused on him, Sandor cuts the wight in two at the waist, allowing Cersei to see both halves trying to crawl towards someone to attack them. When the Hound cuts off a hand, Jon Snow picks it up to demonstrate the wights weakness to firethen stabs the torso with a dragonglass dagger, demonstrating its other weakness. All in all, Jon makes his caseso effectively, in fact, that Euron asks Jon if the dead can swim. When he answers no, Euron says and Im paraphrasing, I. Am. Outta here. He announces that he and his fleet are heading back to the Iron Islands, and leaving everyone on the mainland to die. Cersei also recognizes the horrific threat the living face, but she agrees to Daenerys request for a truce, and that shell send her forces north to fight with Winterfell and Daenerys Unsullied and Dothraki to fight the enemy of all of them. If Jon Snow, King of the North, agrees to stay up north and at no point take his soldiers anywhere near the eventual war between herself and Daenerys. Jon explains he cant do that because hes already bent the knee to Daenerys. And Cersei storms out of the Dragonpit. Jon tells the truth, and dooms humanity. It was as infuriating a moment as anything Ive ever seen on Game of Thrones. Oh, I know Jon has his honor, and his desire to always do the right thing has gotten him into trouble before, trouble that includes being murdered by his own men. But this moment this is beyond the pale. Knowing the truth would end the nascent truce, negating everything theyd worked so hard for, rendering the death of Danys dragon meaningless, and indirectly consigning god knows how many inhabitants of Westeros to death, Jon tells the truth anyway. Davos is pissed. Tyrion is pissed. Daenerys is extra pissed. Jon gives a pretty little speech about how lying is bad and people need to keep their word and blah blah, which might have had an ounce of weight to it if heal so hadnt been talking for seasons about how the war against the White Walkers was the only thing that matters, nothing elseincluding Jons goddamn honor. Everyone on Team Daenerys and Team Stark knows it, but Jon doesnt. Its a decision so stupid, even for a Stark, it feels like it almost erases everyones development over the course of the entire series, like it reset everyone back to the beginning of season one. But the worst thing about it isnt how dumb it is, but because its so selfisha truth told for his own self righteousness and self image, and nothing else, because it certainly doesnt benefit anyone else. In fact, it leads directly to Tyrion making his own terrible decision To go see Cersei, the sister whos tried to have him killed at least twice that he knows of, by himself and convince her to return to negotiations. Last week, in my recap of Beyond of Wall, I used the headline Game of Thrones Is at Its Best and Worst Right Now. I was referring to the shows powerful ability to give us amazing, epic fantasy scenes unlike anyone has ever before tried of television. What I wasnt referring to was the shows original strengthgiving us characters of depth, but also scenes between these characters, usually just talking to one another, that made them and Westeros rich and real and so captivating that even people who think stories about dragons and made up places are dumb have gotten completely invested in the series. Tyrions reunion with Cersei is one of those scenes, and, somewhat surprisingly, powered by the characters honesty wth each other. Cerseis still mad that Tyrion killed their father, but more upset that he left the Lannister family so vulnerable that their enemies felt bold enough to kill Myrcella and wrest control of Kings Landing from her, eventually leading to Tommens suicide. Tyrion explains the reason he follows Daenerys is because she actually wants to make the world a better place, while Cersei only cares about her ever shrinking list of who she considers family. Tyrion baits Cersei and tells her to have the Mountain, looming behind him, to kill him when Cersei doesnt, he pours himself a large glass of wine. Cersei reveals shes pregnant. The two will never love each other, but they end up making their own sort of truce together. Or so it seems. The Wolf and the Dragon is filled with these sorts of wonderful, character driven scenes, more than the entire rest of the season put together. Its as if season seven was sprinting through the plot for the first six episodes, in order to make sure it had plenty of time for these scenes after virtually all the main characters got together in one place. Id argue Tyrion and Cerseis reunion is the highlight of the episode, but heres a few more of them, some large, some small, all gratifying Brienne discovers the Hound is still alive, and the two of them share a small smile over what an ass kicker Arya has become. Tyrion gets a few moments with Bronn reminding him of his eternal offer to him Ill pay double and his former squire Podrick. The Hound reunites with his undead big brother the MountainYoure uglier than I am nowand postpones Clegane bowl to another day, although he declares the day is indeed coming. Euron waits until the meeting starts and immediately interrupts to call out Theon, announcing hell kill Yara if Theon doesnt surrender, annoying literally everyone else in the Dragonpit.